If you feel like the news you read about COVID-19 vaccines seems to change daily, you’re not alone. We asked Sharon Brangman, MD, to share her expertise with us.
Q. What causes COVID-19?
A. The SARS-CoV2 virus causes COVID-19. COVID-19 is a respiratory disease that can cause serious illness and even death. It is easy to get and has spread worldwide.
Q. Why should I get vaccinated?
A. Getting vaccinated lowers your risk of getting COVID-19. If you do become infected, being vaccinated means you are less likely to get very sick, be hospitalized, or die. Staying up to date on vaccines is the best way to protect yourself and others.
Q. Which COVID-19 vaccines are available?
A. As of September 2026, there are four available vaccines in the United States. The FDA has provided an emergency use authorization (EUA) for the Pfizer Cominarty, Moderna Spikevax, Moderna mNEXSPIKE, and Sanofi Nuvaxovid.
Q. As an older adult, which vaccine should I get?
A. Adults 65 and older who have no immune problems should receive a dose of the 2026-2027 updated COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer, Moderna, or Sanofi), followed by an additional dose at least 6 months later (minimum interval 2 months later). People who are immunocompromised may require additional vaccine shots and should ask their healthcare professional for guidance.
Q. How much will the vaccine cost?
A. The vaccine is currently available for free. All shots are free, whether they are the initial shots or the booster shots. All FDA-authorized vaccines are covered under Medicare at no cost to you. People with Medicaid, private health insurance, or no health insurance also receive the vaccine for free.
Q. Where can I get vaccinated?
A. You can contact your own healthcare provider or contact retail drugstores for vaccine locations near you.
If you or someone you care for has difficulty going to a vaccination site, in-home vaccinations may be available. Medicare recipients can call 1-800-MEDICARE/1-800-633-4227 (TTY 1-877-486-2048) for more information. The Disability Information and Access Line (DIAL) hotline is also available at 1-888-677-1199.
Last Reviewed and Updated: September 2026
By: AGS/HiAF Public Education Committee, HealthinAging.org Content Reviewers